Pat-shape Left-handed Material and Relative Band-width of Analogous Metamaterials

Compact pat-shape magnetic resonators (PMR) are shown theoretically and experimentally to possess negative permeability at microwave frequencies. By including metallic wires into these resonators, it is also shown that the whole composite is an effective left-handed material (LHM) [1]. Relative band width (RBW) of the PMR is found to be mainly determined by the volume fraction of the PMR inclusions. A simplified model is also presented for other type of magnetic resonators (SRR [2], Omega [3], Spiral [4], PMR), the results show that RBW is relatively independent of the precise configuration of the magnetic resonators, and mainly depends on the volume fraction of the resonator. Numerical computations also performed for these magnetic resonators, which reconfirms these results.