Analysis of the Antenna Stochastic Effective Gain in Mobile Environments

Multipath propagation effect usually degrades the wireless system performances. Regarding the antenna element, this degradation implies the variation of some important parameters, such as the gain, input impedance and efficiency. Instead of being deterministic quantities, those parameters are rather random, according to the stochastic nature of multipath and the variability of the environment. Therefore, mobile antenna performances should be evaluated as random processes, which will depend on channel parameters. In this paper we focus on the gain of mobile antennas, dealing with its stochastic nature. The starting point is the Mean Effective Gain (MEG), as the first moment statistics of the Stochastic Effective Gain. On one hand, the MEG has provided a useful method to account the mobile channel impact on the antenna performance. On the other hand, it has several limitations, such as it does not provide information about bounds, or time evolution along a path. In this work, we propose a Monte-Carlo method to compute the pdf of the effective gain and evaluate higher order moments in order to achieve a better understanding about the antenna gain behaviour. This study will be carried out on a typical radiating structure, such as a standard half-wave dipole , using typical channel parameters presented in the literature.