Prolonging life time of network by finding optimal path using AODV routing protocol

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a collection of large number of sensor nodes which are distributed in an ad-hoc manner. They have wide range of applications in military as well as in environmental monitoring. There is no fixed topological infrastructure maintained for sensor nodes. Some of the sensor nodes are mobile nodes. Sensor nodes are battery powered devices. A large amount of energy is wasted due to mobility of the nodes. If the battery gets drained completely then that sensor node is of no use and connectivity of nodes will be lost. Even in energy harvesting nodes battery power will be drained completely if it used frequently for transmission. This paper addresses the problem by the implementing Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing together with the energy level consideration and cost for scheduling transmission in an optimal path. The Markov process for decision making to schedule transmission based on current battery level of energy harvesting sensor nodes is also considered in the proposed system. This helps to maintain the connectivity of the nodes, finding optimal path and also to prolong the lifetime of the network. The widely used ns2 tool is used for simulation.