Studies of regenerative braking in electric vehicle

Generally the braking system for a car is based on hydraulic braking technology. However, this traditional braking methodology causes a lot of energy wastage since it produces unwanted heat during braking. Thus, the invention of regenerative braking in electric car has overcome these disadvantages moreover it helps in save energy and provides higher efficiency for a car. In regenerative mode, the motor act as a generator, it transfers the kinetic to electrical energy to restore the batteries or capacitors. Meanwhile, the brake controller monitors the speed of the wheels and calculates the torque required plus the excessive energy from the rotational force that can be converted into electricity and fed back into the batteries during regenerative mode. The merits of regenerative braking over traditional braking are energy conservation, wear reduction, fuel consumption and more efficient in braking. Nowadays, the brilliant technology in automotive industry towards regenerative braking is improving. By using a flywheel and ultracapacitor with DC-DC converter it had enhance the regenerative performance. In this paper, the working principle and braking controller for the regenerative braking have been studied to promote the efficiency and realization of energy saving in the electric vehicle.