Ray optical indoor modeling in multi-floored buildings: simulations and measurements

The paper presents a deterministic approach for UHF/EHF indoor and outdoor propagation modeling in picocells. The approach takes into account multiple reflected and multiple wall-penetrated ray paths. Building walls are modeled as multilayered media with different material parameters. For microcells and picocells the important issue of building penetration from outdoors to indoors call be regarded as well as indoor propagation. This modeling approach results in an area covering prediction of path loss in multi-floored buildings. The channel impulse response in magnitude, phase, delay, angle-of-departure, and angle-of-arrival is obtained for arbitrary selected receive locations. 3D-simulation results are presented and compared with measurements in a multi-floored building.