Carrier-envelope phase control by linear electro-optic effect in LiNbO3

We demonstrate a new promising method to control the CEP by using the linear electro-optic effect (EO) and combining a specific arrangement for the direction of the applied static electric field and the polarisation of the laser field relative to the crystal axes. By applying a static electric field on an E.O crystal like LiNbO₃, it is possible to change the phase and group velocity of the laser pulse and, as a consequence, to modify the CEP without altering most of the parameters of the pulse. A simple model shows that CEP change is a linear function of the applied electric field and of the length of the crystal.