Estimations for Implantable Cardiac Pacemakers EMI from cellular radios in narrow space multi reflection environments

The reason for this study being done is to make an accurate estimate of how the electromagnetic field (EMF) is distributed in environments which are almost completely surrounded by conductive surfaces. Some examples of these types of environments are train carriages, elevators and airplanes. Upon analysis of the results, it would then be possible to investigate in further detail the likelihood of there being any effects by electromagnetic interference (EMI) on implantable cardiac pacemakers in these kinds of environments, commonly referred to as semi-echoic environments.