Problems of semiconductor element base for the quantum computer

This paper reports on the trends in development of quantum computer, QC. The assumed advantage of QC in comparison with the standard computer is that the QC works not with digits but with the quantum states. Also, the advantage of QC over the DECM consists in the quantum parallelism and comes from the exponential space of states of the number of cubits. As a single cubit can be in the state of superposition of 0 and 1 states, the register of n cubits can be in the state of superposition of all 2ⁿ possible states. The requirements to the construction of the QC are: 1) necessity of assembly (register) of cubits; 2) necessity of constant magnetic field; and 3) necessity of low temperatures.