Theory of intermodulation in a klystron

A general theory of intermodulation in klystron amplifiers is presented. The formulation leads directly to the first algorithm for the computation of intermodulation products of all orders, including harmonic generation, at each gap in a multi-cavity klystron. The algorithm is relatively simple. The theory assumes one dimensional motion only, but takes explicitly into account all dynamical and space charge effects in 1D to all orders in the modulation strength, including the combined effects of ballistic bunching and space charge force. The theory is also applicable to inductive output tubes, like the klystrode.