Market based ancillary services for ramping

In a few years, the Norwegian power system will experience substantially increased strain due to operation of four HVDC connections to Continental Europe. As a first step to meet the new challenges, the Norwegian system operator will introduce two new market-based ancillary services called `ramping´ and `extraordinary fast reserve´. When all four connections are in operation, introduction of a special AGC scheme where selected units follow the HVDC connections is considered. This paper presents the two new ancillary services, how they will be used to ensure generation capacity to follow fast load changes on the HVDC connections, and further how they can be extended to an AGC scheme while retaining the decentralised market structure. Examples of current system operation are also shown