Monte Carlo simulations of backscattering enhancement of electromagnetic waves from two-dimensional perfectly conducting random rough surfaces and comparison with experimental data

Backscattering enhancement of electromagnetic wave scattering from perfectly conducting two-dimensional random rough surfaces (three-dimensional scattering problem) is studied with Monte Carlo simulations. The magnetic-field integral-equation formulation is used with the method of moments. The solution of the matrix equation is calculated exactly with an efficient method known as the sparse-matrix flat-surface iterative approach (SMFSIA). Numerical examples are illustrated with 32768 surface unknowns. The bistatic scattering simulations show backscattering enhancement or both co-polarized and cross-polarized components. Comparisons are made with controlled laboratory experiment data where the random rough surfaces are fabricated with prescribed properties of RMS height of one wavelength and correlation lengths ranging from 1.41 wavelength to three wavelengths. The results are in good agreement. Also, SMFSIA is extended to the case of electromagnetic wave scattering by a dielectric surface. The Monte Carlo simulation results are compared with SAR data acquired over a wet soil surface at 1.25 GHz.