A compact and power efficient local oscillator generation and distribution system for complex multi radio systems

A 65 nm, 0.53 mm^2, CMOS multi-radio-frequency local oscillator (LO) generation and distribution system utilizes single phase routings, a single VCO, and smaller Q inductors (compensated by a negative R stage) to reduce area, quadrature coupling, and power consumption. The LO amplitude, IQ imbalances and current consumption are adjusted dynamically by an automatic control loop (ACL) in order to maintain optimum performance. This work results in 60% area and 50% power savings relative to prior implementation while maintaining the optimized performances [4].