Bias-Stress-Induced Instabilities in P-Type ${\rm Cu}_{2}{\rm O}$ Thin-Film Transistors

We investigate the gate bias-stress-induced instabilities of p-type copper oxide (Cu₂O) thin-film transistors (TFTs). Transfer curves measured before and after the application of constant gate bias stress under air and vacuum environments show that the partial pressure of the oxygen in the environment does not much affect the transfer characteristics and bias-stress-induced instabilities of the Cu₂O TFTs. During the negative gate bias stresses, the transfer curves shift to the negative direction without a significant variation of the shape, which is attributed to the hole trapping in the interface or bulk dielectric layers with a negligible creation of additional interface trap states. During the positive gate bias stresses, a threshold voltage hardly moves to the positive direction because of the lack of free electron inside the p-type Cu₂O, but a notable degradation of the subthreshold slope is observed. From the recovery characteristics, the generated traps during the positive gate bias stress are estimated to be metastable ones in p-type Cu₂O TFTs.