Calculating loadability limits of distance relays

The loadability limits of distance relays are one of the most critical aspects of distance protection. This technical paper has presented the reader with valuable concepts on how to calculate the loadability limits of a distance relay and clarifies a lot of the ambiguity provided by current literature. The relay engineer should now be able to follow the steps on this paper along with NERC recommendations and be able to verify load encroachment problems before distance relay settings are applied.