Low voltage current conveyor-based universal biquad filter

A 1.5 V-supply low-power consumption (1.4 mW) current-mode biquad filter using current conveyors as active elements is presented. The circuit shows one input and three different outputs, performing simultaneously low-pass, band-pass and high-pass filtering operation. The topology, which has all integrated elements with two grounded capacitors, shows low sensitivity and independent control of ω₀, and ω₀/Q₀. HSPICE simulations, performed in a standard CMOS technology, are also included.