Backward and Forward Scattering by the Melting Layer Composed of Oblate Spheroidal Hydrometeors at 5-100 GHz

This paper reports the study of the differential reflectivity, specific attenuation and specific phase shift due to the melting layer composed of oblate spheroidal hydrometeors. The truncation and recurrence used in the point matching technique are adjusted and this technique is employed in the computations at 5-100 GHz for five raindrop size distributions at rain rates below 12.5 mm/h. In general, the differential reflectivity at centimeter wavelengths agrees with available radar measurements. The computed results at millimeter wavelengths are anticipated as well. This presentation could be instructive not only for some radar applications but also for future radar measurements. The vertical profiles of the specific attenuation and phase shift are presented at 5-100 GHz. The differential attenuation and phase shift can be used in the calculation of the depolarizations caused by the melting layer. This could lead to more comprehensive studies of the depolarizations.