Consumed-energy-type-aware routing for wireless sensor networks

This study proposes and investigates consumed- energy-type-aware routing (CETAR), a new metric to preserve the energy of active source nodes in the WSNs. CETAR uses statistics of the energy consumed for each type of node activities to select a node which seldom plays a role of source node as a routing node. By preserving the energy of active source nodes, CETAR can prolong the life-span of target specific operations in the WSN in which targets are not precisely known at the deployment of the network. Simulation model shows that the geographical and energy aware routing (GEAR) with CETAR can send significantly more packets than GEAR without CETAR for both uniform and non-uniform traffic regardless of network size. Most importantly, the new metric proposed in this paper can be widely deployed to existing energy aware routing protocols.