Propagation Models for Multi-hop Wireless Networks in Ns-2 Simulator

Due to the high cost of wireless network test beds, most of initial research work in this field depends on different network simulation tools to verify their effectiveness. Among those simulators, Ns-2 is one of the most widely used one. In this paper, we described different radio propagation models implemented in Ns-2 simulator in detail and applied two-ray ground propagation and rice an fading model to evaluate the effectiveness of current routing metrics, such as Shortest Path metric(HOP), Expected Transmission Count(ETX), Expected Transmission Time (ETT) and Interference-aware Expected Transmission Time metric(iETT). We verified that iETT metric outperforms other routing metrics in terms of network throughput and average packet delays.