Design of low error fixed-width squarer

The paper presents a design method for a fixed-width squarer that receives a W-bit input and produces a W-bit squared product. To compensate efficiently for the quantization error, Booth encoder outputs (not multiplier coefficients) are used for the generation of error compensation bias. The truncated bits are divided into two groups depending upon their effects on the quantization error. Then, different error compensation methods are applied to each group. By simulation, it is shown that the performance of the proposed method is pretty close to that of the rounding operation and much better than that of the truncation operation.