Angular characteristics of a unified 3-D scattering model for emerging cellular networks

A stochastic geometry-based unified three-dimensional (3-D) channel model for emerging land mobile radio cellular systems is proposed. Uniformly distributed scattering objects are assumed bounded within an ellipsoidal shaped scattering region (SR) hollowed with an elliptical-cylindric scattering free region. To ensure the degree of expected accuracy of the proposed model, the outer bounding ellipsoid and inner bounding elliptical-cylinder are designed to be tuneable as required, unlike its counterparts in the existing literature, independently along all the axes and rotatable in horizontal plane around their origin centered at the mobile station (MS). Closed-form analytical expressions for joint and marginal probability density functions (PDFs) of angle-of-arrival (AoA) in azimuth and elevation planes observed at the base station (BS) are derived. The obtained analytical results for angular statistics of the channel are presented along with a thorough analysis. Moreover, the impact of various physical model parameters on angular statistics of the channel is presented. To evaluate the robustness of the proposed generalized model and analytical method, a comparison with experimental datasets is also presented. The obtained analytical results are seen to fit a vast range of empirical datasets obtained for different outdoor propagation environments available in the literature.