Bandwidth Improvement of Patch Antennas with Electromagnetic Bandgap (EBG) Structures by Using Square Shaped Unit Cells in Circular Pattern

Periodic structures can help in improving the micro strip patch antenna performance by using their unique properties. The designed antenna has a compact structure with a total size of 60x60mm². This antenna design is simulated using FR-4 substrate with dielectric constant of 4.1 and thickness of 1.50mm on electromagnetic (EM) simulation software. By placing the square shaped unit cells in circular pattern, the bandwidth of micro strip patch antenna is improved. The integrated antenna exhibits a wider bandwidth as compared to the conventional one. The bandwidth is increased to 19.26% that is much wider than the conventional one having bandwidth 4.38%. It is also found that on increasing the radii of vias, the bandwidth of antenna slightly decreases. The simulated results show the good agreement with the proposed patch antenna.