Extending endowed multicasting over Mobile Ad hoc Networks using Random Voronoi configurations

Group communications are important in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). Multicast is an efficient method for implementing group communications. However, it is challenging to implement efficient and scalable multicast in MANET due to the difficulty in cluster membership management and multicast packet forwarding over a dynamic topology. We propose a novel Efficient Geographic Multicast Protocol (EGMP). EGMP uses a virtual-zone-based structure to implement scalable and efficient group membership management. It has high packet delivery ratio, and low control overhead and multicast group joining delay and is scalable to both group size and network size. But it has a limitation of placing the nodes in precise locality. So structures have been proposed namely Random Voronoi to place the nodes in precise locality. A Voronoi diagram is a special kind of decomposition of a given space, e.g., determined by distances to a specified family of objects (subsets) in the space. These objects are usually called the sites or the generators and to each such object one associates a corresponding Voronoi cell, namely the set of all points in the given space whose distance to the given object is not greater than their distance to the other objects. Finally, we design a scheme to handle empty zone problem faced by most routing protocols using a zone structure. The scalability and the efficiency of EGMP are evaluated through simulations and quantitative analysis. Our simulation results demonstrate that Compared to EGMP, Random voronoi has significantly lower control overhead, data transmission overhead, and multicast group joining delay.