Miniaturizing Antennas for Personal Communication Systems (PCSs)

PCS (Personal Communication System) devices have become an important part of everyday life. The pressure to design small, lightweight and user friendly mobile communication design has increased in a similar way, creating the need for optimal antennas for mobile applications. In this paper, we present some basic rules for electrically small antennas, and give clues and guidelines about efficient antenna miniaturization and measurement techniques. Finally, we show some examples of miniature antennas developed at our laboratory for practical applications.