Angle-based time Fingerprint positioning technique for indoor UWB systems

The knowledge of direction information of the transmitted signals requires angle-based position estimation techniques, as well as the orientation of the individual nodes of the system. When using omnidirectional antennas, this information is difficult to be calculated in order to find the Blind Node´s (BLN or BN) position. Also, the combination of Ultra Wide-Band (UWB) systems with angle-based techniques is not the best option when tracking down an unknown target, especially indoors, due to the large bandwidth of the UWB signals and the huge number of paths. This paper proposes a geometrical angle-based positioning approach for UWB omnidirectional systems which also combines Fingerprint (FP) and Time-of-Flight (ToF), aiming to calculate the BN´s position with the minimum positioning error. The efficiency of the proposed positioning scheme is demonstrated through simulation results in terms of error probability and comparisons with other state-of-the-art positioning schemes.