Modified antenna effective gain in multiple-cluster 3D channel model

This paper investigates the effective gain of antennas in indoor channels. A metric called instantaneous effective gain is proposed, and a multiple-cluster 3D channel model is used to facilitate the proposed antenna effective gain. In the multiple-cluster channel model, Laplacian and double exponential distribution are utilized to model azimuth and elevation signal power distribution respectively, and multiple clusters are built to describe the instantaneous channel power distribution. The modified antenna effective gain and multiple-cluster channel model are suitable for evaluating the antennas in antenna switching system. By using the proposed metric and the channel model, it is also found by simulation that the elevation mismatch of antenna patterns with indoor channels reduces the effective gain in the antenna switching system.