Further investigation on Frobenius Spectrum for DOA estimation

The SEAD method relies on the Differential Spectrum to provide accurate DOA estimation even at very low values of SNR. However, calculating the Differential Spectrum requires performing successive SVD for each test angle in a scanning range. Recently, we proposed using the Frobenius norm instead of the SVD to reduce the computational effort of the SEAD method. However, the resulting DOA estimation performance remained inferior to that using the SVD. In order to improve de robustness of the Frobenius Spectrum, this paper analyzes the components of the Frobenius norm aiming to realize advantages and disadvantages of using it. Then, a comparison of the resulting method to other SEAD based methods and MODEX has shown that Frobenius Spectrum is more sensitive for close angles, however, it has shown to be more robust for distant angles.