Accurate modeling of antennas using variable-fidelity EM simulations and co-kriging

We present an accurate and low-cost modeling of antenna structures using variable-fidelity electromagnetic (EM) simulations. Our approach exploits sparsely sampled high-fidelity (accurate) EM data as well as densely sampled coarse-discretization (low-fidelity) EM simulations that are accommodated into one model using co-kriging technique. By using coarse-discretization simulations, the computational cost of creating the antenna model is greatly reduced compared to conventional approach, where high-fidelity simulations are directly used to set up the model. To our knowledge, this is the first application of co-kriging to antenna modeling. Numerical verification and comparisons with kriging interpolation are given.