A model for electrically activated mammalian muscle capturing N-let behaviours

A mathematical model for electrically activated mammalian muscle is outlined. The presented model is developed by considering the underlying biophysics of the muscle contraction mechanism. This model accounts for the nonlinear effects seen in the use of high frequency stimulation patterns, specifically doublets and N-lets. Such stimulation patterns are used to improve fatigue resistance, and maximise the force-time integral per pulse of electrically stimulated muscles. A mechanism for N-let effects based upon known biophysical phenomena is implemented. Experimental and simulation results are presented and compared. This model may be useful in the design of control strategies for muscles using N-lets