UWB propagation modeling of human being behind a concrete wall for the study of cardiac condition

In this paper, an ultra-wideband through-the-wall propagation modeling and analysis of a human being behind a solid concrete wall is presented. The important propagation characteristics such as the reflection coefficient and the signal attenuation are predicted by the model for frequencies ranging over L-band (1 to 2 GHz) and S-band (2 to 4 GHz) using the analytical impedance transformation method. The method inherently accounts for the effect of multiple reflections. The characteristic variation of the propagation parameters which depend on the wave propagation distance and the frequency dependent dielectric properties of the human body tissues, are calculated for the instantaneously varying dimensions of heart in a cardiac cycle. Such model predicted propagation results will enable efficient estimation of power budget in the design of an ultra-wideband radar meant for remote, noncontact, non-invasive applications that involve heart beat based detection of a human being behind a concrete wall.