Wide area protection and emergency control

Summary form only given. We shall describe basic principles and philosophy for wide area protection schemes, also known as remedial action schemes (RAS) or system protection schemes (SPS). The main targets for this presentation are to: identify the need for wide area protection, and the conditions for implementation; describe the power system phenomena to counteract, and the related application areas for wide area protection; illustrate different design principles for different applications, and how they are related to present technology; illustrate the benefit of wide area protection with respect to recent disturbances; identify similarities and differences between classic equipment protection and system protection - concerning philosophy as well as concerning product and system design. Try to answer the question: how to design a wide area protection system.