Review on Techniques of Design and Manufacturing for Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold

Tissue engineering covers a broad field that applies the principles of engineering and life sciences to the development of biological substitutes for defective organs. As an important branch of tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering is studied widely and deeply recently years. Scaffold, as an artificial extracellular matrix for promoting cell attachment, differentiation, and mineralized bone formation, is focus in these studies, especially its micro-structure design and fabrication. In this paper, the methodology of bone tissue engineering, the scaffold design and manufacturing with bio-material are reviewed. Based on the review, the conclusion, that non-uniform gradient micro-construct of scaffold will become a new solution for existing problems, is proposed.