Automated HF systems: a framework for a way ahead

The variable nature of HF skywave propagation presents many challenges in its use as a communications bearer. The implementation of many, sometimes diverse, techniques needs effective coordination to ensure that the important issues affecting HF communications are fully addressed. This paper discusses a carefully defined framework designed to guide new techniques towards counteracting the shortcomings of existing HF operations. At the heart of this approach is complete system automation. The ideas around which discussions occur are in line with the route being followed by NATO. Some emphasis is placed on the special demands presented by an airborne terminal as this is undoubtedly one of the most challenging applications of HF communications