Compact nodal analysis with controlled sources modeled by ideal operational amplifiers

This paper describes the formulation of a compact form of nodal analysis, obtained by the use of ideal operational amplifiers in the modeling of voltage sources and current-controlled sources. The method produces a system of equations that is never larger than a simple nodal system, at the expense of a simple preprocessing. The method is particularly suitable for sensitivity analysis programs, because only the circuit variables required for sensitivity analysis are computed