CMOS transceivers for the 60-GHz band

This paper gives an overview of millimeter-wave CMOS transceiver design and presents several critical building blocks operating around 60 GHz. A direct-conversion receiver front end employing LNA and mixer topologies is described that exploits resonance by means of folded microstrips. Also, a direct-conversion transmitter incorporating an on-chip dipole antenna is introduced that paves the way for beamforming and MIMO systems. Finally, a phase-locked frequency divider is described that, unlike its injection-locked counterparts, maintains a constant phase noise across the input frequency range. The circuits have been fabricated in standard 0.13-mum CMOS technology. Experimental results for each prototype are presented