A switching observer design scheme for a double effect evaporator

A step-wise switching observer design scheme for nonlinear processes is proposed. To illustrate the steps of the approach, the scheme is applied to the nonlinear process of a double effect evaporator with short-tube vertical calandria-type units. The scheme consists of a bank of observers and a supervisor. The supervisor and the observer bank are designed on the basis of experimental data resulting from measurements or identification. To accomplish the design the appropriate operating areas are defined.