On the optimality and performance of transmit and receive space diversity in MIMO channels

The issue of channel state information at the transmitter is investigated using MIMO channel measurements and by deriving expressions for ergodic and outage capacity in a Rayleigh fading channel. Expressions for bit error rates in Rayleigh fading channels are also presented for orthogonal space time block codes and for beamforming where the bit error rates in the beamforming case follow from the distribution of the largest eigenvalue to Wishart matrices. We demonstrate by measurements that Rayleigh fading is a valid assumption in non line-of-sight channels, although a Nakagami-m distribution showed to be a more appropriate distribution model in both line-of-sight and NLOS environments. It was also demonstrated that channel state information at the transmitter is less useful in high SNR scenarios but is more useful in line-of-sight channels compared to non line-of-sight environments.