Characteristics of ice-covered for Yagi-Uda antenna

Despite its many attractive features, however, narrow bandwidth has remained one of the major shortcomings of the Yagi array. This problem is exacerbated if the antenna is subjected to icing conditions. Ice buildup on the elements can cause detuning problems and seriously degrade the antenna performance. This paper describes a theoretical study to determine the effect of ice-covered elements on the pattern and impedance characteristics of a 5-element UHF Yagi antenna.