State estimation sensitivity analysis

Within electric energy management systems, state estimation is a key function for building a network real-time model, which is a quasi-static mathematical representation of the current conditions in an interconnected electricity network. The obtained model is dependent on modeling assumptions, and sensitivity analysis can be used to show how transmission line modeling, measurement schemes and other parameters affect the state estimation solution. This paper provides expressions to compute all these sensitivities. An example is used to illustrate the expressions derived