Systematic synthesis of operational amplifier circuits by admittance matrix expansion

This paper is concerned with systematic synthesis of all-transistor circuits. The synthesis takes place in the circuit using or transformations and in the admittance matrix domain using linked infinity parameters. Whereas previous work in this area has been concerned with simple transconductor and current mirror blocks, this paper considers the more complex example of the operational amplifier. We show that the ator-norator repairing transformation can change the essential character of an op-amp from single-stage to 2-stage and vice versa. We introduce a new or transformation, the ator and norator cloning transformation.