Ultralow Reflectivity Spiral Phase Plate for Generation of Millimeter-wave OAM Beam

An ultralow reflectivity spiral phase plate (SPP) is proposed to generate an orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam at millimeter-wave frequency. The SPP is composed of unit cells whose equivalent permittivity and thickness are designed to satisfy the impedance matching condition based on transmission line theory. The designed SPP is fabricated by a 3D printing technique. The near-field and far-field phase distributions clearly exhibit the azimuth phase shifting, and the far field directivity pattern shows that the direction, gain, and 3-dB beam-width of the main lobe are about 10.5°, 14.6 dB, and 14.5°, respectively. Compared with no impedance-matched SPP, the reflectivity of the SPP is improved by more than 20 dB.