An improved microstrip Sierpinski carpet antenna

The boundary integral method coupled with the segmentation method have been used for the first time to analyzed Sierpinski carpet antennas of different order. The close agreement between calculated and measured results for resonant frequency and input return loss indicates that this technique can predict the impedance characteristic accurately. A novel double layered stacked microstrip Sierpinski carpet fractal antenna using a photonic bandgap structure is also presented. This proposed antenna has improved the impedance bandwidth five fold compared to an ordinary microstrip fractal antenna and its radiation pattern is improved due to the removal of unwanted radiation caused by the surface wave.