Smart antennas for 3G and future-generation code division multiple access wireless communications

This paper presents three simple smart antenna algorithms without eigenvector findings and compares them with a conventional smart antenna with eigenvector finding. Either the maximum output power or the maximum signal-to-interference-plus-noise-output power ratio (SINR₀) criteria are used to develop the simple smart antennas. The proposed smart antennas require computational loads of the order 4M or 4M+2M² per snapshot where M is the number of antennas while the conventional smart antenna requires order larger than M² due to the generalized eigenvector finding. Furthermore, the proposed simple antennas can show lower bit error rate (BER) results than the conventional one when multipath channels have unequal strength and interference comes from a cluster of many other users, e.g., users in a building