Black start with dfig based distributed generation after major emergencies

Grid connected distributed generation (DG) increases reliability and additional benefits for consumers as well as utilities. The stable and reliable operation of a power system is necessary after major emergencies (or blackouts) following a major system event. Distributed generation may be capable of black start and contribute to fast restoration process at medium to low voltage level. A large scale voltage and frequency excursions may occur during the process of black start with distributed generation due to low inertia and intermittency in power generation. Energy storage integrated with DG can absorb initial impact of central generation and ensure smooth load pickup during the restoration of a system. In this paper, the process of black start with a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind turbine is addressed and energy storage in DC link of DFIG is used for fast restoration after blackout. A control system has been developed for the process of black-start with DFIG. A sequence of actions for black start procedure is presented and tested.