Radar Images of Ships on a Rough Half-Space Interface

The half space Green´s function is adapted to the electric field integral equation (EFIE) on rough surfaces to develop electro magnetic (EM) models of ocean like surface. The generalized forward-backward (GFB) method is improved as an iterative method of solution to compute the electromagnetic scattering from ships in half space. The scattering results under plane wave illumination are numerically simulated in half space. The results in free space applied to the papers available are present here to find the comparison between them. It is found that the energy scattered from two dimensional (2-D) ship on sea surface in half-space is generally higher than that of free-space, and the numerical results demonstrate that the half space Green´s function should be utilized as the frequency of electromagnetic wave increased. The half space GFB method is applied to the numerical simulation of radar images. One-dimensional (1-D) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and 2-D SAR images are formed with surface-ships scattered field data at multiple-incidence angles and frequencies