Optimal PID-Fuzzy Logic Controller for type 1 diabetic patients

In this paper, an optimal PID-FLC (Proportional Integral Derivative Fuzzy Logic Controller) is proposed. The design of this system aims to control blood glucose elevation in type 1 diabetic patients. An automated system integrated with a miniaturized insulin infusion pump and a continuous biosensor that measures the glucose level has been developed recently to replace beta cells in the pancreas. The main contribution of the paper is that it introduces an automated insulin delivery system based on a parallel PID-FLC structure tuned with genetic algorithms. This control system was compared to an optimal PIFLC and PD-FLC as well as a reference model. The results revealed that the controllers could maintain the glucose level within a normal range. In addition, the performance of the PIFLC and the PID-FLC was very close to that of beta cells in normal individuals. So, they can be exploited prosperously as control systems to manage blood glucose concentrations in Type 1 diabetic patients. In addition, the PID-FLC saved the amount of the daily delivered insulin, while, its performance was approximately the same as that of the PI-FLC.