Title :
Enhancement of double Rayleigh scattering by pump intensity noise in fiber Raman amplifiers
Author :
Artamonov, A. ; Smokovdin, V. ; Kleshov, M. ; Lewis, S.A.E. ; Chernikov, S.V.
Author_Institution :
IPF Technol. Ltd., Cranleigh, UK
Abstract :
It has been shown that DRS noise in a fiber Raman amplifier can be significantly enhanced by the presence of pump intensity noise. The amount of enhancement increases with both the pump modulation depth and the gain of the amplifier and this effect can be a limiting factor in communication systems operating on the DRS noise limit. An approximate expression quantifying this effect has been derived for pump modulation frequencies where dispersion does not play a significant role. For high-frequency pump noise is anticipated that dispersion would suppress this effect to some extent.
Keywords :
Raman lasers; Rayleigh scattering; laser noise; optical fibre amplifiers; optical fibre communication; optical fibre dispersion; optical modulation; optical pumping; DRS noise; DRS noise limit; communication systems; double Rayleigh scattering noise; fiber Raman amplifier; fibre dispersion; high-frequency pump noise; limiting factor; pump intensity noise; pump modulation depth; pump modulation frequencies; Fiber lasers; Laser noise; Noise measurement; Optical amplifiers; Optical fiber amplifiers; Power amplifiers; Pump lasers; Raman scattering; Rayleigh scattering; Stimulated emission;
Conference_Titel :
Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit, 2002. OFC 2002
Print_ISBN :
1-55752-701-6
DOI :
10.1109/OFC.2002.1036293
