Power line electromagnetics and the EMF issue: an update for 1998

Over the past two decades, concerns have been raised over the possibility that 60 Hz electromagnetic fields (EMF) from power lines, substations, and other sources may have detrimental health effects on humans. This issue has had an impact on practically every electric utility. Most utilities now have some program in place to provide information on EMF to their customers, and many will perform on-site measurements upon request. Several utilities have had to deal with costly and time-consuming litigation. This paper describes the basic properties of power line EMF, and discusses various measurement techniques as well as the results of epidemiological studies. In addition, this paper provides an update on the most recent court cases and legal decisions concerning EMF