Multi-area load frequency control in a deregulated power system using optimal output feedback method

In this paper, the dynamical response of the load-frequency control problem in the deregulated environment is improved with a pragmatic viewpoint. In the practical environment, access to all of the state variables of system is limited and measuring all of them is also impossible. To solve this problem, in this paper the optimal output feedback method is proposed. In the output feedback method, only the measurable state variables within each control area is required to use for feedback. The optimal control law is determined by minimizing a performance index under the output feedback conditions leading to a coupled matrix equation. The proposed method is tested on a two-area power system with different contracted scenarios. The results of the proposed controller are compared with the full-state feedback method. The results are shown that when the power demands changed, the output feedback method have a good ability to tracking of contracted and/or non-contracted demands. In fact, this method provides a control system that satisfied the load frequency control requirements and with a reasonable dynamic response.