Vehicle location for route guidance

The state of the art of the key technology areas associated with vehicle location for in-vehicle route guidance is assessed. The current and expected performance of available systems is compared with the wide range of operating requirements, supported by practical examples where possible. Consideration is also given to the costs associated with each system. Results are presented on the satellite, hyperbolic, dead reckoning, and map matching systems. It is suggested that there is a place for all types of route guidance systems, and that each is suited to the solution of particular congestion or routeing problems.<>