Population distribution effects in backbone network cost

Population characteristics such as density or dispersion are heavily used in exploring the viability of infrastructure investments and telecommunication networks´ development, but not much attention has been paid to the effects of distribution of population sizes. In this paper, a fast method is presented for estimating the backbone network cost using population size distribution as an input parameter, which is discovered to play a significant role in cost behavior. Combining a variation of the already proposed gravity model for creating realistic complex network topologies with Pareto distribution model for city sizes, allows building simulations, and presenting results for fixed operators´ backbone network growth. An application of the methodology is also illustrated, providing estimation and comparison of the network cost for three European countries while increasing their population coverage. The main aim of this work is to provide a simple tool for rapid cost estimation of a countrywide physical backbone network and highlight the population distribution impact, assisting both telecommunication providers and regulators.